1. The air was polluted so the competition could not take place. (Since) (owing to)
Since the air was polluted, the competition....
Owing to the air pollution, the competition.....
2. My favourite actress couldn't get the prize because she was ill. (therefore) (as)
My favorite actress was ill. Therefore, she couldn´t get the prize.
As my favorite actress was ill, she couldn´t...
3. Not all her novels are equally good. That's why she hasn't won the Nobel Prize. (as)
As not all her novels are equally good, she hasn´t ...
4. He did great work. He was promoted. (as) (that's why)
As he did great work, he was promoted.
He did great work. That´s why he was....
5. The class was boring. Some of the students began to fall asleep. (since) (therefore)
Since the class was boring, some of the....
The class was boring. Therefore, some....
6. He is good at mathematics. He always passes his exams with an A. (because)
He always passes.......because he is good at mathematics.
7. They rented a car and then they drove to the beach. (once)
Once they had rented the car, they drove.....
8. They got to the finals because their results were excellent. (thanks to)
They got to the finals thanks to their excellent results.
9. Their results were very poor. That's why they didn't get to the finals. (due to)
They didn't get to the finals due to their poor results.
10. He finished the report but first he talked with his boss. (until)
He didn't finish the report until he had talked with his boss.
11. The police were looking for the suspect. He shot them. (as)
As the police were...., he shot them.
12. The police arrested the thief. He had got rid of the gun. (by the time)
By the time the police arrested the thief, he had got rid...
13. He will buy a new house but first he will sell the old one. (until)
He won't buy a new house until he has sold / sells the old one.
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